Iberia, fully known as Iberia Líneas Aéreas de España, is the flagship airline of Spain, with Iberia Express operating as its subsidiary. The airline was established in the mid-20th century and has since grown to become a significant player in the global aviation industry. Its establishment was pivotal in connecting Spain with various international destinations, significantly enhancing the country’s accessibility and fostering economic ties with nations worldwide. Over the decades, Iberia has expanded through mergers and partnerships, including a notable merger with a major British airline to create one of the world's largest airline groups, which has further strengthened its market position globally. Iberia’s fleet is expansive and versatile, tailored to meet a broad range of operational demands from short regional hops to long-haul international flights. The diversity in its fleet allows Iberia to efficiently manage and schedule its service offerings, adapting to changes in passenger demand and seasonal fluctuations. Iberia Express, operating as a low-cost carrier, complements its parent company by focusing primarily on short to medium-haul routes. This strategic segmentation between the two carriers enables the airline group to cover a wide network efficiently, maximizing coverage while optimizing operational costs. The services offered by Iberia and Iberia Express cater to a wide spectrum of travelers, ranging from budget-conscious tourists to business class passengers seeking luxury and convenience. Iberia is reputed for integrating the rich Spanish culture into its service delivery, which is evident in its in-flight meals, entertainment, and overall customer service. Additionally, both airlines participate actively in a major airline alliance, which enhances their service offerings through shared resources, wider route networks, and enhanced passenger benefits such as smoother transfers and a more extensive frequent flyer program. This relationship not only broadens their operational capacity but also enriches the passenger experience by providing more options and greater flexibility.